Masa Depan Kartini Kita

Jawa Pos, halaman 45, Selasa 21 April

Oleh: Totok Amin Soefijanto (Doktor Pendidikan dari Boston University dan Peneliti Senior di Paramadina Public Policy Institute)

Saat kita memperingati Hari Kartini, sebenarnya ada pekerjaan rumah yang belum selesai. Kesetaraan gender sudah merasuk ke benak banyak orang, tetapi pelaksanaannya di lapangan masih belum luas. Hingga hari ini, kita bisa merasakan ketidakadilan terhadap pekerja perempuan di segala sektor usaha. Sumber dari ketidakadilan semacam itu sebenarnya dapat dirunut ke sektor pendidikan.

Hampir seluruh pekerja berasal dari pendidikan. Sebab, di sana mereka mendapatkan ilmu dan keterampilan. Yang menarik, berdasarkan studi Bappenas dan Analytical and Capacity Development Partnership (ACDP), kita baru berhasil memasukkan anak-anak perempuan ke sekolah, tetapi belum menjaga agar tetap bersekolah (stay), belajar (learn), dan berprestasi (achieve). Bukankah itu yang diharapkan Kartini dalam pikiran-pikirannya?

Dalam studi Bappenas dan ACDP terungkap bahwa kaum perempuan belum benar-benar beruntung dalam mengenyam pendidikan. Mungkin pendidikan menjadi pokok pangkalnya sehingga studi yang didukung Kementerian Agama dan Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan tersebut menyarankan memprioritaskan gender (gender mainstreaming) dalam pendidikan sejak usia dini hingga perguruan tinggi.

Saat ini potret pendidikan memang masih memprihatinkan. Angka partisipasi pendidikan di level SD mencapai 94,8 persen, namun langsung jatuh ke 67,6 persen di tingkat SMP, dan drop ke 45,6 persen di tingkat SMA. Secara nasional, hampir sepertiga siswa lulusan SD tidak meneruskan ke jenjang berikutnya. Memang terjadi kenaikan 6,87 persen partisipasi pendidikan perempuan di tingkat SMP dan 4,58 persen di tingkat SMA pada 2000-2010. Namun, masih kalah dari kenaikan 8,02 persen partisipasi kaum pria di tingkat SMP dan 7,86 persen di tingkat SMA.

Menariknya, angka kenaikan partisipasi pendidikan di tingkat pendidikan tinggi dalam dekade tersebut menunjukkan lebih banyak disumbang perempuan (11,12 persen berbanding 10,89 persen untuk pria). Selain itu, studi ACDP menemukan bahwa perempuan lebih sedikit yang drop out dan lebih banyak yang meneruskan ke jenjang berikutnya bila diberi kesempatan.

Itu adalah kuncinya. Banyak keluarga miskin yang cenderung mengutamakan pria untuk bersekolah. Banyak keluarga tetap ngotot anak laki-lakinya bersekolah meski sebenarnya tidak mampu. Dengan demikian, korban kemiskinan terbesar sebenarnya adalah kaum perempuan.

Tentu ada alasan jika seseorang tidak bersekolah. Alasannya antara lain, tidak mempunyai uang, harus bekerja untuk membantu keluarga, tidak lulus tes masuk, jarak sekolah terlalu jauh, sudah cukup bersekolah, malu, dan menikah. Masuk akal kalau skema berbagai bantuan seperti beasiswa miskin, Kartu Indonesia Pintar, bantuan operasional sekolah (BOS), dan bidik misi sangat membantu perempuan meningkatkan derajat pendidikan. Sebab, seluruh alasan putus sekolah itu paling banyak dialami anak-anak perempuan.

Khusus pernikahan dini, pemerintah melalui BKKBN dan kantor desa atau lurah saat ini gencar mempromosikan bahaya pernikahan dini dan mendorong semangat untuk meraih ilmu di usia muda sebelum menikah. Sebab, dulu, Kartini berjuang agar anak gadis tidak meninggalkan sekolah pada usia 12 tahun untuk siap-siap menikah. Namun, indonesia yang sebentar lagi merayakan kemerdekaan ke-70 belum bisa mewujudkan mimpi Kartini secara paripurna.

The Future of Our Kartini

Jawa Pos, page 45, Tuesday 21 April

By: Totok Amin Soefijanto (the writer is a PhD holder in education from Boston University and senior researcher at Paramadina Public Policy Institute)

When we are celebrating the Kartini Day, in reality there is still a homework which has yet to be completed. While gender equality has already been on the top of many people’s mind, its implementation remains limited. Nowadays, we can see unfair treatments to female workers in all economic sectors. Actually, the sources of such unfairness can be traced in education sector.

Most workers have pursued formal education where they gained knowledge and skills. Interestingly, based on a joint study of the National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas) and Analytical and Capacity Development Partnership (ACDP), we have just succeeded to send girls to schools but have yet to make them stay, learn and achieve. Wasn’t it expected by Kartini in her thoughts?

It is revealed in the Bappenas and ACDP study that females have yet to be really fortunate to pursue education. That is why the study which is supported by the Religious Affairs Ministry and the Education and Culture Ministry recommends key stakeholders to prioritize gender mainstreaming in education sector, since early childhood until university level.

Currently, education portray in Indonesia is still poor. Education participation rate at elementary school level reached 94.8 percent but dropped to 67.6 percent at junior high school level and 45.6 percent at senior high school level. Nationally, almost one third of elementary school graduates did not continue their education to higher level. It was a female education participation rate increase by 6.87 percent and 4.58 percent at junior and senior high school level respectively in the period of 2000-2010. However, it still lagged behind the male participation rate increase by 8.02 percent and 7.86 at junior and senior high school respectively.

Interestingly, the share of female is higher than male in the education participation rate increase at university level during the period (11.2 percent increase participation rate of female compared to 10.89 percent of male).

In addition, the ACDP study found that female have lower percentage of drop-outs and more females continue to higher education level if opportunities are provided for them.

Opportunity is the key. Many poor families tend to prioritize boys to send to schools. They fight to send their boys to schools although they are financially disadvantaged. Hence, the main victim of poverty is females.

There are some reasons of drop-outs, among others financial shortage, needs to work to earn money or to help families, failure to pass entrance test, far distance of schools from homes, already comfortable with current completed education, shame and marriage. It makes sense that various assistance schemes, such as cash transfer for poor students, the Indonesia Smart Card and school operational assistance (BOS) and Bidikmisi Scholarship are very helpful for female students to improve their education level since the abovementioned factors are the most frequent drop-out reasons experienced by them.

Regarding early marriage, the government through the National Population and Family Planning Board (BKKBN) and village government officers are promoting the adverse impacts of early marriage intensively and encourage females to pursue education in their youth ages before marriage. In the past, Kartini strived to make girls for not leaving schools before 12 years old to get married. However, Indonesia which will celebrate its 70th independence day shortly has yet to be able to realize the Kartini’s dream thoroughly.

The Future of Our Kartini

The Future of Our Kartini

Paket Soal Un SMP Belum Pasti

Republika, halaman 5

Jumlah paket soal ujian nasioal (UN) SMP/sederajat belum bisa dipastikan. Untuk menghindari kecurangan, pengawas diminta memperketat pengawasan ujian.

Kepala Bidang SMP Dinas Pendidikan (Disdik) Provinsi DKI Jakarta, Tajuddin Nur, mengatakan, pihaknya baru menerima informasi awal yakni lima paket soal. Namun, hal itu hanya bisa dipastikan pada hari H.

Pada UN tahun lalu, paket soal mencapai 20 jenis. Karenanya, potensi kecurangan dalam UN relatif kecil. Aturan dasarnya adalah peserta UN tidak boleh mendapatkan paket soal yang sama, baik dengan peserta yang duduk di sampingnya, di depannya, atau di belakangnya. Namun, hingga saat ini belum ada ketentuan khusus yang mengatur posisi duduk siswa.

Tajuddin menambahkan, persiapan UN Berbasis komputer (CBT) tingkat SMP 2015 di provinsi DKI Jakarta telah mencapai tahap final. Semua keperluan ujian sudah dipersiapkan betul, baik dari sarana ujian, fasilitas pendukung, hingga kegiatan try out sudah dilakukan.

Sementara itu, untuk UN berbasis kertas (PBT), pekan ini tengah memasuki tahap akhir. Soal UN PBT akan mulai diantar pada Mei mendatang dan langsung distribusikan dari lima wilayah. Lima titik wilayah tersebut dipusatkan di SMPN 216 untuk wilayah Jakarta Pusat, SMPN 30 untuk Jakarta Utara, SMPN 45 untuk Jakarta Barat, SMPN 19 untuk Jakrta Selatan, dan SMPN 255 untuk Jakarta Timur.

SMP UN Question Package Still Uncertain

Republika, page 5

The number of SMP/equivalent national exam (UN) question packages is still uncertain. To prevent fraud, supervisors are asked to tighten supervision of examinations.

Head of SMP Division of DKI Jakarta Province Education Agency (Disdik) Tajuddin Nur said his party had only received preliminary information namely five question packages. However, that could only be ascertained on the D day.

In last year’s UN, the question packages reached 20 types.   Hence, the potential for fraud in the UN was relatively small.   The basic rule is UN participants are not allowed to obtain the same question package, both among participants sitting next to each other, in front of, or behind. However, to date there is yet to be a special provision governing student seating.

Tajuddin added, preparations of computer based (CBT) UN of the SMP level 2015 in DKI Jakarta province have reached the final stage. All examination needs have been well prepared, both from exam facilities, supporting facilities, to try out activities have been conducted.

Meanwhile, for paper based (PBT) UN, this week is entering the final stage. UN PBT question will start to be delivered next May and directly distributed from five areas. The five area points are centered in SMPN 216 for the Central Jakarta area, SMPN 30 for North Jakarta, SMPN 45 for West Jakarta, SMPN 19 for South Jakarta, and SMPN 255 for East Jakarta.

SMP UN Question Package Still Uncertain

SMP UN Question Package Still Uncertain

Hasil UN Diserahkan sebelum 2 Mei

Media Indonesia, halaman 12

Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (Kemendikbud) masih menyelidiki kasus ke bocoran ujian nasional (UN) untuk seluruh Indonesia. Kemendikbud pun berkomitmen menyerahkan hasil UN kepada panitia seleksi nasional masuk perguruan tinggi negeri (SNMPTN) sebelum 2 Mei mendatang.

Kepala Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan (Balitbang) Kemendikbud Furqon mengatakan, pihaknya tetap menyerahkan hasil UN kepada panitia SNMPTN dan majelis Rektor PTN pada 2 Mei mendatang.

Sebelumnya, Menteri Riset, Teknologi, dan Pendidikan Tinggi (Menristek Dikti) M Nasir menyatakan masih menunggu laporan kebocoran UN secara nasional dari Kemendikbud untuk dijadikan pengambilan keputusan apakah hasil UN jadi pertimbangan masuk PTN atau tidak.

Sementara itu, Kepala Badan Reserse Kriminal (Kabareskrim) Polri Komisaris Jenderal (Pol) Budi Waseso memastikan sudah ada calon tersangka pembocor soal UN SMA jurusan IPA di dunia maya. Diduga, calon tersangka itu ialah dua terlapor pegawai Perum Percetakan Negara RI.

Ahli Teknologi Informasi dari Communication and Information System Security Research Center (CISSReC) Pratama Persadha menyatakan, di masa mendatang Kemendikbud harus memastikan ruang percetakan naskah UN di berbagai daerah steril dari kecurangan UN. Pihak kepolisian pun harus mengawal secara fisik percetakan dan harus ada tim TI (teknologi informasi) khusus yang mengaudit lokasi percetakan naskah UN agar benar-benar steril.

UN Results Submitted Before 2 May

Media Indonesia, page 12

Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud) is still investigating the case of national exam (UN) leakage for across Indonesia. Kemendikbud is also committed to submitting the UN results to the state higher education entrance national selection (SNMPTN) committee before 2 May.

Head of Research and Development (Balitbang) Kemendikbud Furqon said his party would still submit the UN results to the SNMPTN committee and state university (PTN) Rectors council next 2 May.

Earlier, Minister of Research, Technology, and Higher Education (Menristek Dikti) M Nasir stated he still awaited the report of UN leakage nationally from Kemendikbud to be used for decision making whether or not the UN results become consideration for PTN entrance.

Meanwhile, Head of Criminal Investigation Agency (Kabareskrim) RI Police Commissioner General (Pol) Budi Waseso ensured there is already a potential suspect of UN question leakage of SMA IPA major in cyberspace. Allegedly, the potential suspects were two reported employees of the state printing company Perum Percetakan Negara RI.

Information Technology expert of Communication and Information System Security Research Center (CISSReC) Pratama Persadha stated in future Kemendikbud must ensure UN script printing rooms in the various regions be sterile from UN fraud. The police must also physically escort the printing and there should be a special IT (information technology) team that audits the UN script printing locations in order to be completely sterile.

UN Results Submitted Before 2 May

UN Results Submitted Before 2 May

Pengamanan Naskah Soal UN SMP Diperketat

Koran Sindo, halaman 6

Ujian nasional (UN) tingkat SMP yang akan digelar 4-5 Mei mendatang akan diperketat pengawasannya untuk mengantisipasi terulangnya kebocoran naskah UN.

Kepala Pusat Penilaian Pendidikan (Kapuspendik) Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (Kemendikbud) Nizam mengatakan, pihaknya akan menggandeng Badan Reserse Kriminal (Bareskrim) Mabes Polri untuk mengamankan naskah percetakan soal UN SMP.

UN SMP akan diikuti oleh 50.515 SMP dan 40 SMP diantaranya bakal melakukan UN computer based test (CBT). Total peserta UN SMP mencapai 3.773.372 siswa. Pencetakan naskah soal UN, yang dilakukan oleh Perum Percetakan Negara, sudah selesai 100% dan mulai dikirim ke provinsi terjauh dan kabupaten kota di pelosok.

Sementara itu, Ketua Ombudsman Republik Indonesia (ORI) Danang Girindrawardana menyampaikan, investigasi serius harus dilakukan Kemendikbud dan Bareskrim Mabes Polri. Karena, kebocoran naskah UN yang diunggah ke Google Drive terdahulu adalah dokumen negara, meskipun indikasi kebocoran tersebut masih kecil jumlahnya dan potensi terdampak wilayahnya.

Danang menambahkan, Kemendikbud perlu mengestimasi pengawasannya di setiap tingkatan dan melakukan sistem pengacakan soal dan jawaban yang berbeda-beda untuk sasaran lokasi wilayah dan sekolah. Disamping itu, Kemendikbud juga perlu menyusun sistem penomoran peserta ujian sebagai penentu jenis soal yang akan diterima peserta ujian.

Security of SMP UN Question Scripts Tightened

Koran Sindo, page 6

Security of the junior high school (SMP) level national exams (UN) to be held next 4-5 Mei would be tightened to anticipate a repeat leakage of UN scripts.

Head of Education Assessment Center (Kapuspendik) Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud) Nizam said, his party would link with Criminal Investigation Agency or Badan Reserse Kriminal (Bareskrim) RI Police Headquarters to secure the SMP UN question printed scripts.

UN SMP will be followed by 50,515 SMP and 40 SMP among them would conduct UN computer based test (CBT). Total number SMP UN examinees reaches 3,773,372 students. Printing of the UN question scripts conducted by state printing company Perum Percetakan Negara, has been completed 100% and start to be delivered to the most distant provinces and city regencies in remote areas.

Meanwhile, Chairman of Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia (ORI) Danang Girindrawardana conveyed a serious investigation must be conducted by Kemendikbud and the National Police Criminal Investigation Directorate or Badan Reserse Kriminal (Bareskrim) Mabes Polri; because the UN script leakage previously uploaded to Google Drive were state documents, although indications of leakage is still small in number and potential for impact on his area.

Danang added, Kemendikbud needs to estimate its supervision in every level and to perform different encryption systems of questions and answers for regional and school location target. In addition, Kemendikbud also needs to formulate a numbering system of examinees as determiner of type of questions to be received by the examinees.

Security of SMP UN Question Scripts Tightened

Security of SMP UN Question Scripts Tightened

Kemdikbud Lelang 8 Jabatan

Kompas, halaman 11

Setelah restrukturisasi organisasi disetujui Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (Kemdikbud) membuka lelang untuk delapan posisi jabatan pimpinan. Syarat utama yang diterapkan ialah pegawai negeri sipil dan memiliki pengalaman.

Akan tetapi, dalam Instruksi Presiden RI Nomor 3 Tahun 2015 tentang Percepatan Pengisian Jabatan Pimpinan Tinggi pada Kementerian/Lembaga disebutkan, jika tidak ada pegawai negeri sipil (PNS) yang memenuhi syarat mengisi posisi itu, posisi bisa diisi dari kalangan non-PNS dengan persetujuan Presiden.

Kedelapan jabatan yang dilelang tersebut adalah Sekretaris Jenderal, Direktur Jenderal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini dan Pendidikan Masyarakat, Inspektur Jenderal, Kepala Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, serta Kepala Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan. Selain itu juga dibuka seleksi sebagai Staf Ahli Bidang Inovasi dan Daya Saing, Staf Ahli Bidang Pembangunan Karakter, serta Staf Ahli Bidang Regulasi Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.

Direktur Eksekutif Institute for Education Reform Universitas Paramadina Mohammad Abduhzen menilai sistem lelang membuka peluang banyak orang ikut berpartisipasi. Namun, jabatan yang ditawarkan tersebut menuntut bukan hanya orang yang bersih dari potensi korupsi serta tidak sekadar menerima orang yang memiliki pengalaman dan kemampuan manajemen.

Menurut Abduhzen, calon-calon yang akan menempati posisi tersebut mestinya diutamakan orang-orang yang punya visi, konsep, pemikiran, dan komitmen terhadap kemajuan pendidikan. Dia khawatir calon yang memiliki kapabilitas dan integritas yang dibutuhkan justru tak tertarik mendaftar karena tidak berambisi mengejar jabatan.

Kemdikbud Auctions 8 Positions

Kompas, page 11

After the organization restructuring had been approved by Ministry of State Apparatus Empowerment and Bureaucratic Reform, the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemdikbud) opens a tender for eight leadership positions. The main requirment applied is civil servant with experience.

However, RI Presidential Instruction Number 3 Year 2015 on Accelerating the Fulfillment of High Leadership Positions in Ministries/Institutions stipulates, if there is no civil servant (PNS) eligible to fill the position, the position could be filled by non-PNS circles with the approval of the President.

The eight positions tendered are Secretary General, Director General of Early Childhood Education and Public Education, Inspector General, Head of Language Development Agency, as well as Head of Research and Development Agency. In addition, selection is also open for Expert Staff in Innovation and Competitiveness, Expert Staff in Character Building, as well as Expert Staff in Education and Culture Regulation.

Executive Director of Institute for Education Reform University of Paramadina Mohammad Abduhzen deems the tender system opens opportunity for many people to participate. However, the positions offered require not only people who are clean of corruption potential as well as not merely accepting people with experience and management skills/ capacity.

According to Abduhzen, candidates to occupy the positions should preferably be people with the vision, concept, thoughts, and commitment to the advancement of education. He is concerned candidates with the capabilities and integrity required were just not interested in registering because they have no ambition to pursue the positions.

Kemdikbud Auctions 8 Positions

Kemdikbud Auctions 8 Positions