Daerah Diminta Proaktif Tangani Siswa Putus Sekolah

Republika halaman 5

Pemerintah memfokuskan peningkatan kompetensi dan keterampilan generasi muda. Hal tersebut untuk menyambut bonus demografi yang akan datang. Hal itu diungkapkan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Muhadjir Effendy di Palu, Sulawesi Tengah, Minggu (26/3).

Masih tingginya angka putus sekolah, lanjut Muhadjir, merupakan salah satu masalah utama yang berpotensi menggagalkan bonus demografi. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan terobosan yang didukung semua pemangku kepentingan pendidikan. Kemendikbud sangat menyadari pentingnya memperluas akses pendidikan yang merupakan bagian tak terpisahkan dari peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia (SDM) melalui revitalisasi pendidikan kejuruan.

Muhadjir pun meminta daerah untuk pro aktif meningkatkan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) Indonesia. Saat ini, laporan UNDP menyebutkan adanya penurunan IPM Indonesia dari peringkat 110 ke 113, dari 188 negara. Hal ini merupakan pekerjaan semua pihak, bukan hanya Kemendikbud, agar pendidikan yang merata dan bermutu dapat tercapai.

Muhadjir menghargai dan mendukung Gerakan Kembali ke Sekolah yang merupakan upaya Pemerintah Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah guna meningkatkan angka partisipasi murni yang masih rendah. Mendikbud juga meminta agar anak-anak yang beruntung terpilih ikut Gerakan Kembali ke Sekolah ini menyelesaikan sekolahnya sampai tuntas.

Dalam kesempatan yang sama, Gubernur Sulawesi Tengah Lungki Djonggala sangat senang dengan dukungan Mendikbud. Pihaknya menyadari perlu ada percepatan perbaikan kualitas SDM di wilayahnya karena IPM-nya masih dibawah rata-rata nasional sebesar 66,67 %. Ada 1000 anak putus sekolah yang tersaring ikut gerakan ini, sebagian besar melanjutkan ke SMK.

Regions Requested to be Proactive in Handling Dropout Students

Republik,a page 5

The government focuses on competence and skill enhancement of the young generation. This is to welcome the next demographic bonus said Minister of Education and Culture, Muhadjir Effendy in Palu, Central Sulawesi, on Sunday (26/3).

Muhadjir said that the high rate of dropouts is, however, a major problem that could potentially deny attainment of the demographic bonus. Therefore, support is essential from every education stakeholder achieve the innovation. Kemendikbud is well aware of the importance of expanding access to education, which is known as an integral part of improving the quality of human resources (HR) through the revitalization of vocational education.

Muhadjir also requested regions to proactively improve the Human Development Index (HDI) of Indonesia. The current UNDP report reveals a decline in Indonesia’s HDI ranking from 110 to 113 of 188 countries. This is the obligation of all parties, not just Kemendikbud, to support equitable education and achieve the highest quality.

Muhadjir appreciates and supports Central Sulawesi’s provincial government’s effort with the Back to School Movement. This is to increase the enrolment rate which is still low. The Education Minister also requested that those children lucky enough to be chosen to participate in Back to School Movement should complete their studies.

On the same occasion, the Governor of Central Sulawesi, Lungki Djonggala, was very pleased about the support of the Education Minister. He said that he realized there is a need for accelerated improvement in terms of the quality of human resources in the regions. This is because the HDI rate is still under the national average of 66.67%. There were 1,000 children who had dropped out of school that passed to join this movement, mostly to continue to SMK.

FSGI: Kunci Jawaban USBN Dibocorkan Bimbel

Suara Pembaruan, halaman 17

Sekretaris Jenderal (Sekjen) Federasi Serikat Guru Indonesia (FSGI) Retno Lestyarti mengatakan, terjadinya kebocoran soal pada pelaksanaan Ujian Sekolah Berstandar Nasional (USBN) diduga kuat berasal dari bimbingan belajar (Bimbel). Hal ini dikatakannya berdasarkan sejumlah laporan yang diterima FSGI sejak terhitung 20 Maret 2017.

Dijelaskan Retno, berdasarkan laporan yang diterima FSGI, para siswa memperoleh bocoran dengan membeli kunci jawaban dari Bimbel yang berinisial Q dan IS dengan harga kisaran Rp 10 jutaan untuk enam paket kunci jawaban esai maupun pilihan ganda. Pihaknya mendapat laporan para siswa membeli soal ini dengan cara patungan RP 100.000 hingga Rp 150.000 untuk enam paket soal esai dan pilihan ganda.

Retno menambahkan, modus pembocoran soal yang terjadi pada USBN ini, polanya sama dengan pembocoran kunci jawaban UN selama ini, yaitu kunci jawaban dikirim melalui aplikasi WhatsApp dan Line. Yang membedakan hanya apabila UN baru dikirim beberapa jam menjelang soal diuji, tetapi USBN siswa sudah memperolehnya satu hari sebelumnya, tidak hanya jawaban pilihan ganda, tetapi juga jawaban esai lengkap dengan clue soal sesuai paket yang diterima siswa bersangkutan.

Retno berharap, hasil temuan FSGI ini sebagai bahan pertimbangan atas pernyataan Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (Kemdikbud) yang berencana mempersiapkan aturan untuk menghukum guru dan sekolah jika terbukti membocorkan soal USBN. Namun pada kenyataannya adalah Bimbel pelakunya. Retno mempertanyakan apakah pemerintah telah menyiapkan hukuman untuk Bimbel dan pihak lain yang bukan guru dan sekolah sebagai pembocor USBN.

Sementara itu, Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (Mendikbud) Muhadjir Effendy mengatakan, berdasarkan hasil kunjungan ke Malang, Rabu(22/3). Pelaksanaan USBN, sudah berjalan dengan baik meski masih ada kekurangan dalam hal pengawasan. Selanjutnya, terkait dengan dugaan Bimbel penyebar kebocoran USBN, Muhadjir mengatakan, pihaknya akan segara melakukan investigasi. Pihak manapun yang terbukti terlibat atau jadi biang pembocoran akan diproses secara hukum.

FSGI: USBN Answer Key Leaked by Bimbel

Suara Pembaruan, page 17

The General Secretary (Sekjen) of the Indonesian Teachers Federation (FSGI), Lestyarti Retno, said that the leakage of questions in the implementation of the National-Based School Test (USBN) allegedly came from the courses (Bimbel). This was suspected due to the number of reports received by FSGI since March 20, 2017.

Retno explained that based on these reports, students obtained the leaked results by buying the answer key from  Bimbel initialized “Q” and “IS” at a price range of up to 10 million rupiah for the six answer key package of essays and multiple choices. His source revealed he received a report that students bought these questions by sharing its cost. They paid 100,000 to 150,000 rupiah each for the six answer key package of essays and multiple choices.

Retno added that the mode of the USBN question leak was as same as that of the UN question leak. These two leaks were sent through WhatsApp and Line. The difference was that UN leak was received only a few hours before the test, whereas USBN was received on the day before. Nor was this just the multiple choice answers, but also the complete essay answer with the question clue complying with the package that the students received.

Retno expected that the FSGI findings will be taken into consideration based on the statement of the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemdikbud) whose plan is to prepare the rules. These rules punish teachers and schools if they are proven to be involved with the USBN leaks. In fact, however, it’s Bimbel that’s the perpetrator. Retno questioned whether the government has prepared the punishment for Bimbel and others who are not teachers or schools.

Meanwhile, the Minister of Education and Culture (Mendikbud), Muhadjir Effendy, said that based on the results of his visit to Malang on Wednesday (22/3), the USBN Implementation has run well. Although there are still shortcomings in terms of supervision. Furthermore, in regard to the allegation that Bimbel had spread the leaks, Muhadjir said that his authority will immediately conduct an investigation. Every party proven to be involved or being the source of leaks source will be prosecuted.

Kalangan Muda Inginkan Akses dan Pelayanan Lebih Baik

The Jakarta Post, halaman 3

Setelah perdebatan sengit, dalam Temu Nasional Remaja Indonesia yang untuk pertama kalinya di selenggarakan di Yogyakarta telah membuat deklarasi yang berisi 28 rekomendasi termasuk permintaan akses yang lebih luas terhadap informasi dan pelayanan kesehatan reproduksi, diantaranya akses terhadap kontrapsesi baik bagi remaja yang sudah maupun belum menikah.

Petra, anggota GenRe (Genereasi Berencana) Yogyakarta mengatakan, semua gadis remaja beresiko mengalami kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan. Namun, karena alasan moral dan budaya, mereka tidak memiliki akses terhadap layanan seputar kontrasepsi dan kesehatan reproduksi.

Namun, Sofyan Mukti Wijyanto, anggota Forum Pemuda Keluarga Berencana Indonesia (PKBI) Yogyakarta, bersikeras bahwa seks pra-nikah bertentangan dengan budaya Indonesia dan norma-norma agama.

Temu Remaja Nasional yang diselenggarakan atas kerjasama Badan Kependudukan dan Keluarga Berencana Nasional (BKKBN) dan Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Program (JHCCP) tersebut didukung antara lain oleh United Nations Population Funds (UNFPA), the United Nations International Children’s Emergency FUND (UNICEF) dan Rutgers Indonesia. Acara tersebut bertujuan untuk melibatkan kalangan muda dalam perumusan program dan kebijakan bagi kesehatan mereka.

Melinda Gates, salah satu pendiri Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, juga hadir dalam acara yang diikuti oleh 80 aktivis remaja dari 25 provinsi tersebut.

Data yang didapatkan dari Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah (RPJM) mengungkapkan bahwa remaja Indonesia semakin permisif terhadap perilaku seksual. Pada 2015, sekitar 5 persen remaja Indonesia telah melakukan hubungan seksual sebelum nikah, dan angkanya terus meningkat.

Dalam data 2015 tersebut, usia rata-rata orang melakukan hubungan seks untuk pertama kalinya adalah 20,2 tahun, dan sebanyak 2,4 persennya adalah remaja yang sudah menikah dalam usia 10-19 tahun. Berbagai program intervensi telah dilaksanakan oleh berbagai pihak, termasuk kalangan pemerintah, LSM dan organisasi jaringan kepemudaan lainnya.

Youth ask for better access and services

The Jakarta Post, page 3

After heated debate, the first National Adolescent Summit in Yogyakarta has concluded with a declaration containing 28 recommendations including a call for wider access to reproductive health information and services including access to contraception for married and unmarried adolescents.

Petra from GenRe (The Planned Generation) Yogyakarta said all adolescent girls are at risk of unwanted pregnancy. However, due to moral and cultural reasons, they cannot access contraception and reproductive health services.

Sofyan Mukti Wijayanto, a member of the Youth Forum of Indonesian Planned Parenthood (PKBI) Yogyakarta, however, insisted that premarital sex was against Indonesian culture and religious norms.

The National Summit, which was co-organized by the National Population and Family Planning Board (BKKBN) and Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, and supported by the United Nations Population Funds (UNFPA), the United Nations International Children’s Emergency FUND (UNICEF) and Rutgers Indonesia, among other parties, aimed to involve young people in the formulation of programs and policies regarding their wellbeing.

Melinda Gates, cofounder of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, also attended the event, which was participated by 80 adolescent activists from 25 provinces.

Data from the Long-Medium Term National Development (RPJM) survey reveals that the nation’s adolescents are increasingly permissive of sexual behavior. In 2015, around 5 percent of unmarried Indonesian adolescents had previously had sexual intercourse and the figure has continued to rise.

The median age at which people first had sex was 20.2 years in 2015. In the same year, approximately 2.4 percent of adolescents aged 10-19 years old were married. Intervention programs are implemented by various stakeholders, including government, NGO’s and adolescent network organizations.

Aturan Perlindungan Guru Diragukan

Koran Sindo, halaman 2

Pemerintah mengeluarkan aturan perlindungan tenaga kependidikan melalui Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (Permendikbud) Nomor 10/2017. Hanya saja sejumlah kalangan meragukan efektivitas peraturan yang akan melindungi guru dari tindak kekerasan, perlindungan profesi, keselamatan kerja, dan hak kekayaan intelektual tersebut.

Salah satu yang menjadi sorotan banyak kalangan adalah peraturan perlindungan itu hanya sebatas peraturan menteri (permen), sementara itu banyak guru yang dijerat dengan Undang-Undang (UU) Perlindungan Anak saat diduga melakukan kekerasan dalam proses belajar mengajar. Hal itu diungkapkan Ketua Umum Pengurus Besar Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia (PB PGRI) Unifah Rasyidi di Jakarta, kemarin (26/3).

Menurut Unifah, dua jenis aturan ini tentu berada di level berbeda di mana UU jauh lebih kuat daripada sekedar permen. Untuk diketahui, Permendikbud Nomor 10/2017 itu diundangkan di Jakarta pada Maret ini. Isinya mencakup empat hal, yakni perlindungan hukum dari kekerasan, perlindungan profesi, perlindungan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja serta perlindungan hak dan kekayaan intelektual. Kementerian nanti akan berupaya melindungi dalam bentuk advokasi nonlitigasi, sementara pemerintah daerah bisa menyediakan sumber daya dan mekanisme pemberian perlindungan.

Unifah mengungkapkan banyak kasus dugaan kekerasan oleh guru yang harus berujung di meja hijau. Sebagian besar kasus tersebut didasarkan pada dugaan pelanggaran UU Perlindungan Anak. Selain level aturan, menurut Unifah, pelaksanaan Permendikbud 10/2017 juga akan terbentur pada terbatasnya sumber daya yang dimiliki Kemendikbud. Dengan jumlah guru yang mencapai 3,2 juta dan tingkat persebaran di seluruh Indonesia, dibutuhkan aparatur Kemendikbud dalam jumlah besar untuk bisa mengawal aturan tersebut.

Menurutnya setidaknya diperlukan eselon tiga dan empat di daerah yang bisa menangani perlindungan guru ataupun harus ada lembaga khusus dengan standar operasional prosedur yang bisa mewujudkan isi perlindungan dari peraturan itu. Menurut Unifah, sebaiknya Kemendikbud bekerja sama dengan organisasi profesi yang sudah mapan di semua daerah untuk bisa melakukan advokasi nonlitigasi seperti yang dimaksud di peraturan itu.

Sementara itu Inspektur Jenderal (Irjen) Kemendikbud Daryanto mengatakan Permendikbud 10/2017 tentang Perlindungan Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan akan menjadi faktor pengaman guru dalam mengajar. Namun di sisi lain Kemendikbud ingin guru tetap menjunjung tinggi asas kepatutan dalam menjalankan profesinya, ia ingin agar kasus guru yang dilaporkan ke polisi karena menghukum murid secara fisik tidak akan terulang. Kemendikbud, tambahnya, akan bersama-sama mendampingi guru yang terkena masalah hukum, dan akan membangun sinergi dalam melakukan pengawalan dan pendampingan terhadap guru dan tenaga kependidikan baik di lingkup pemerintah daerah dan juga masyarakat.

Teachers’ Protection Regulation In Question

Koran Sindo, page 2

The government issued a protection regulation for education personnel through the Minister of Education and Culture Regulation (Permendikbud) No. 10/2017.  However, a number of circles doubt the effectiveness of the regulation that would protect teachers from violence, professional protection, occupational safety, and intellectual property rights.

One of the highlights among many is that the protection regulation is only  a ministerial regulation (Permen), while many teachers are charged with the Child Protection Act (UU) when they were allegedly charged with  abuse during the learning process. This was expressed by the Chairperson of the Indonesian Teachers Association (PB-PGRI), Unifah Rasyidi in Jakarta, yesterday (26/3).

According to Unifah, these two types of rules are at different levels whereupon the Act/UU  is much more powerful than a mere Permen. To be noted that  Permendikbud No. 10/2017 was enacted in Jakarta this March. It includes four aspects, namely legal protection from violence, protection of the profession, occupational health and safety protection as well as protection of intellectual property rights. The Kemendikbud will be seeking to protect in the form of non-litigation advocacy, while local administrations  can provide the resources and mechanisms for providing protection.

Unifah revealed that many cases of alleged abuse by  teachers had to culminate in court. Most of these cases are based on alleged violations of the Child Protection Act. In addition to the level of the rules, according to Unifah the implementation of Permendikbud 10/2017 will also be hampered by the limited resources in the Kemendikbud. With the number of teachers reaching 3.2 million and the level of distribution is throughout Indonesia, the Kemendikbud apparatus required are in large numbers in order to oversee/supervise the rule.

According to her  there need to be  echelons 3 and 4 in the regions that could handle teacher protection or there should be a special institution with a standard operating procedure which  can realize the contents of the protection regulation. According to Unifah, preferably Kemendikbud should cooperate/work together with established professional organizations in all regions in order to provide non-litigation advocacy as envisaged in the regulation.

Meanwhile Inspector General (Irjen) of Kemendikbud, Daryanto said that Permendikbud 10/2017 on Protection of Teachers and Education Personnel will become a safety factor for teachers in teaching. But on the other hand the Kemendikbud wants teachers to still uphold the principles of decency in carrying out their profession. He wanted cases of teachers reported to the police for physically punishing pupils, not to be repeated. He added that the Kemendikbud, will jointly assist the teachers with legal problems, and build synergies in escorting/guarding and assisting teachers and education personnel both in the scope of the regional administrations and also communities.

Pelibatan Perempuan Masih Kurang

Kompas, halaman 11

Turunnya peringkat indeks pembangunan manusia Indonesia dari peringkat ke-110 menjadi peringkat ke-113 akibat ketimpangan jender adalah buah dari pembangunan yang terlampau memprioritaskan aspek fisik. Pembangunan yang tidak terencana akan merugikan masyarakat, terlebih kaum perempuan.

Wakil Ketua Komisi Nasional Anti Kekerasan terhadap Perempuan Yuniyanti Chuzaifah, perempuan kian terpinggirkan dan paling terdampak jika beban ekonomi keluarga semakin meningkat. Selain itu,  angka kematian ibu di Indonesia sulit diturunkan karena simplifikasi sebagai masalah kesehatan saja. Belum lagi, lanjutnya, perspektif kultural yang mendorong pernikahan dini untuk mengurangi pertanggungan ekonomi.

Dalam Laporan Pembangunan Manusia 2016 yang dikeluarkan Program Pembangunan PBB (UNDP), kesenjangan jender menyebabkan nilai IPM Indonesia berkurang 18,2 persen dari 0,689 (2015) menjadi 0,563 (2016). Kesenjangan itu terlihat dari harapan hidup, lama bersekolah, dan kaitannya dengan pendapatan nasional.

Direktur Pendidikan Tinggi, Iptek, dan Kebudayaan Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional Amich Alhumami mengatakan, meski pemerintah sudah berupaya memastikan akses pendidikan bisa merata, salah satunya melalui Kartu Indonesia Pintar dan dana bantuan operasional sekolah. Namun, kerap desakan ekonomi jauh lebih kuat daripada intervensi kebijakan pemerintah.

Sementara, Direktur Eksekutif Filantropi Indonesia Hamid Abidin mengatakan, pemberdayaan perempuan belum dilihat sebagai bagian penting dari penggalangan dana untuk sumbangan dari kebanyakan lembaga filantropi. Perempuan juga belum banyak dilibatkan dalam penggalangan dana. Padahal, berdasar laporan survei Public Interest Research Advocacy Center pada 2007, tingkat kedermawanan perempuan sangat tinggi, yakni 99,7 persen dengan jumlah rata-rata sumbangan Rp 287.242 per tahun, lebih tinggi dari laki-laki (99,5 persen) meski nominalnya bisa Rp 360.736 per tahun.

Women’s Involvement Still Lacking

Kompas, page 11

The dspecially women.

Deputy Chairman of the National Commission on Anti-Violence against Women Yuniyanti Chuzaifah said women are increasingly marginalized and are most affected if the economic burden of families increases. In addition, the maternal mortality rate in Indonesia is difficult to lower due to simplification that it is as a mere health issue. Not to mention, she added, the cultural perspective that encourages early marriages to reduce the coverage of the economy.

According to the Human Development Report 2016 issued by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the gender gap caused Indonesia’s HDI score to decline 18.2 percent from 0.689 (2015) to 0.563 (2016). The gap is apparent from life expectancy, length of schooling, and its relation to national revenue.

Director of Higher Education, Science & Technology, and Culture of the National Development Planning Agency Amich Alhumami said, despite the government’s efforts to ensure equitable access to education, one of which is through the Indonesia Smart Card and school operational assistance funds; however, economic pressures are often much stronger than government policy interventions.

Meanwhile, Executive Director of Philanthropy Indonesia Hamid Abidin said, the empowerment of women is not seen as an important part of fundraising for donations of most philanthropic institutions. Women are also not being much involved in fundraising. In fact, based on the survey report of the Public Interest Research Advocacy Center in 2007, the level of generosity of women is very high at 99.7 percent with the average amount donated of Rp 287,242 per year, higher than males (99.5 percent) despite the nominal could be USD 360,736 per year.