Mahasiswa Temukan Sel Surya dari Kulit Kopi

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Empat Mahasiswa Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (MIPA) Universitas Brawijaya (UB) Malang telah menemukan sel surya jenis Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) dengan menggunakan bahan baku kulit kopi. Keempat mahasiswa tersebut adalah Tomi Setiawan, Wahyu Yudhi Subekti, Siti Sumadyah,  dan Khusnul Ilmiah.

Ketua Tim Tomi Setiawan di Malang, Jawa Timur, Jumat, mengatakan, kulit kopi ini memiliki fungsi ganda, yakni sebagai zat pewarna alami berupa antosianin dan counter electrode berupa karbon aktif. Ia mengatakan, wilayah Malang, khususnya Kabupaten Malang memiliki potensi produksi kopi yang cukup besar, sehingga limbah kulit kopi yang berlimpah itu dapat dimanfaatkan untuk membuat sel surya jenis DSSC.

Tomi mengatakan sel surya merupakan suatu perangkat yang mampu mengubah energi cahaya matahari menjadi energi listrik dengan menggunakan prinsip fotovoltaik. Pada era green technology dan krisis energy saat ini, sel surya terus dikembangkan dengan berbagai inovasi terkini.

Di bawah bimbingan dosen Dr Sc Siti Mariyah Ulfa, keempat mahasiswa itu melakukan penelitian dengan judul “Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Biji Kopi Robusta sebagai Natural Dye dan Counter Electrode pada Fabrikasi Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) Menjadi Sumber Energi Alternatif Ramah Lingkungan”.

Penelitian yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Kimia Organik Universitas Brawijaya tersebut memakan waktu kurang lebih 2 bulan. Lebih lanjut, Tomi menjelaskan bahwa proses pembuatan sel surya tersebut dimulai dengan ekstrasitas antosianin, pembuatan counter electrode dan yang terakhir fabrikasi prototype DSSC.  Ia menambahkan, selama proses pengerjaan penelitian tersebut, mereka tidak ada menemukan adanya kendala. Penelitian terebut didukung penuh oleh pihak FMIPA UB. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini, lanjutnya, berupa purwarupa DSSC.

University Students Invent Solar Cells from Coffee Shell

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Four students of the faculty of mathematics and exact sciences at Brawijaya University (UB) in Malang, East Java, have invented Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) using coffee shell. The four students are Tomi Setiawan, Wahyu Yudhi Subekti, Siti Sumadyah Nuradyah, and Khusnul Ilmiah.

Coffee shell has a dual function; first, it can be used as a natural dye in the form of anthocyanin; and second, it can function as counter electrode in the form of activated carbon, research team leader Tomi Setiawan said on Friday. As Malang District has a large area of coffee potentials, coffee shell waste is found in abundance to make DSSC, he said.

Tomi said that solar cells are a device capable of converting solar light into electrical energy using the principles of photovoltaic. In the era of green technology and energy crisis, solar cells are developed with the latest innovations.

Under the guidance of their lecturer Siti Mariyah Ulfa, the four students conducted a study entitled “the Use of Robusta Coffee Shell Waste as a Natural Dye and Counter Electrode on Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Fabrication (DSSC) for Alternative Green Energy”.

It took for about two months to conduct the research at Organic Chemistry Laboratory of Brawijaya University. Furthermore, Tomi explained that the outline of solar cell manufacturing process is started with extracting anthocyanin, manufacturing counter electrode and finally fabricating DSSC prototype. He said that they found no obstacles during the research.  The research was fully supported by the faculty and university, he said, adding that the research has produced a prototype of DSSC.

link: https://en.tempo.co/read/news/2017/06/11/310883432/University-Students-Invent-Solar-Cells-from-Coffee-Shell 

Mendikbud: Kebijakan Belajar 5 Hari Sekolah Kuatkan Karakter

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Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan  (Kemendikbud) segera menerapkan kebijakan delapan jam belajar dengan lima hari sekolah di tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Kebijakan ini merupakan implementasi dari program Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter (PPK) yang mengutamakan lima nilai utama, yaitu religius, nasionalis, gotong royong, mandiri, dan integritas.

Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (Mendikbud) Muhadjir Effendy di kantor Kemendikbud, Jakarta, Minggu (11/6), mengatakan, peraturan terkait hal tersebut segera diterbitkan dan segera disosialisasikan. Muhadjir menjelaskan penguatan karakter tersebut tidak berarti siswa akan belajar selama delapan jam di kelas. Namun, siswa akan didorong melakukan aktivitas yang menumbuhkan budi pekerti serta keterampilan abad 21. Tak hanya di sekolah, lingkungan seperti surau, masjid, gereja, pura, lapangan sepak bola, musium, taman budaya, sanggar seni, dan tempat-tempat lainnya dapat menjadi sumber belajar.

Untuk itu kegiatan guru ceramah di kelas, lajutnya, harus dikurangi dengan digantikan dengan aktivitas positif, termasuk mengikuti madrasah diniyah, bagi siswa muslim. Guru wajib mengetahui dan memastikan di mana dan bagaimana siswanya mengikuti pelajaran agama sebagai bagian dari penguatan nilai relijiusitas. Guru wajib memantau siswanya agar terhindar dari pengajaran sesat atau yang mengarah kepada intoleransi.

Muhadjir menilai kekhawatiran sebagian pihak jika delapan jam belajar di sekolah dapat menggerus adanya madrasah diniyah tidak beralasan. Sebab, justru dengan semakin banyak waktu siswa belajar, maka madrasah diniyah dapat diintegrasikan dengan pembentukan karakter. Madrasah diniyah justru diuntungkan karena akan tumbuh dijadikan sebagai salah satu sumber belajar yang dapat bersinergi dengan sekolah dalam menguatkan nilai karakter religius.

Muhadjir mengimbau kepada para kepala sekolah yang tergabung dalam Musyawarah Kerja Kepala Sekolah (MKKS) agar dapat berkoordinasi dengan Dinas Pendidikan untuk segera memetakan sekolah-sekolah yang siap melaksanakan kebijakan ini. Selain itu, tugas guru maupun MKKS adalah memastikan bahwa potensi kekhasan di daerah terpelihara dengan baik.

Mendikbud: Policy of Schools Opening Five days Strengthens Students’ Characters

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The Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud) will promptly apply the policy of eight hours study at school and schools open five days a week in academic year 2017/2018. This policy is part of the implementation of Strengthening the Character Education (PPK) program prioritizing five main values: religion, nationalism, community work (gotong royong), independence, and integrity.

The Minister of Education and Culture (Mendikbud), Muhadjir Effendy at Kemendikbud Office in Jakarta on Sunday (11/6) said that the regulation relating to this policy would soon be released and socialized. Muhadjir explained that such character strengthening did not mean students would just study eight hours in classes every day. In reality, students will be supported in undertaking activities that pertain to ethical values and competences relevant in the 21st century. Learning resources are not only to be found in schools, but also in other environments such as museums, cultural parks, art studios, and even places like football fields for instance.

He continued that educating by the teacher lecturing in front of the class should be decreased and moves made to more positive activities, such as taking Islamic primary education for Moslem students. Teachers should be cognizant of the place and manner in which students undertake religious lessons as part of strengthening religious values. Teachers are also required to monitor their students in order to prevent them from absorbing misguided views or l intolerance.

Muhadjir suggested that the fears expressed by several parties about studying eight hours a day at school being able to eliminate the existence of Islamic primary education had no foundation. This is because, the more time students have to study, the more Islamic primary education can be integrated into character building. Islamic primary education will actually benefit because it will develop as one of study places able to synergize with school in strengthening religious character values.

Muhadjir appealed to headmasters who joined the Principal Consultative Work (MKKS) to promptly coordinate with Education Board in mapping the schools so that they are ready to implement this policy. Moreover, it is the duty of teachers and MMKS to ensure that the unique qualities in local areas are well preserved.

link: http://www.republika.co.id/berita/pendidikan/eduaction/17/06/12/oreldj354-mendikbud-kebijakan-belajar-5-hari-sekolah-kuatkan-karakter

Kebijakan Lima Hari Sekolah Ditentang

Republika, halaman 4

Sejumlah pihak menentang kebijakan yang akan dikeluarkan Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (Kemendikbud) mengenai sekolah lima hari sepekan dan belajar delapan jam per hari.

Wakil Ketua Umum Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI), Zainut Tauhid menilai kebijakan itu akan berpengaruh terhadap praktik penyelenggaraan pendidikan keagamaan yang selama ini dikelola swadaya masyarakat. Zainut meminta  Kemendikbud mengkaji  kebijakan tersebut karena praktik pendidikan keagamaan biasanya dimulai sepulang dari sekolah.

Zainut menjelaskan, pendidikan dengan model Madrasah Diniyah dan pesantren selama ini telah memberikan kontribusi besar bagi penguatan nilai-nilai keagamaan. Juga berkontribusi dalam pembentukan karakter dan penanaman nilai-nilai akhlak mulia bagi anak didik. Namun, dengan diberlakukannya pendidikan selama delapan jam sehari dapat dipastikan pendidikan dengan model Madrasah akan gulung tikar. Padahal keberadaan Madrasah masih sangat penting dan dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat.

Terkait hal itu, Direktur Jenderal Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah Kemendikbud Hamid Muhammad mengatakan, penerapan kebijakan sekolah lima hari dalam sepekan dilakukan dengan dua cara. Pertama, siswa melaksanakan kegiatan belajar di satu sekolah penuh, mulai pagi hingga sore, dengan menggunakan fasilitas belajar di sekolah. Kedua, siswa belajar di sekolah sampai siang, setelah itu dilanjutkan di sekolah atau lembaga lain seperti madrasah diniyah, pesantren, sanggar seni, olahraga, museum, dan tempat belajar lain yang dapat dipilih siswa sendiri.

Sementera itu, Kepala Biro Hukum dan Organisasi Kemendikbud Dian Wahyuni menyatakan, peraturan mentri mengenai kebijakan sekolah lima hari tersebut ditargetkan selesai pada pekan ini. Kebijakan tersebut, lanjutnya, akan dimuai pada tahun ajaran 2017/2018.

Protests over Five-day School Policy

Republika, page 4

Several parties have protested the policy released by the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud) in regard to schools opening five days a week with eight hours study a day.

The Assistant General Head of the Council of Indonesian Ulama (MUI), Zainut Tauhid, believed that such a policy would have a negative effect on religious education managed by non-governmental organizations. Zainut requested Kemendikbud to review the policy because religious education is usually carried out after school hours.

Zainut explained that education through the model of Islamic primary education (Madrasah Diniyah) and Islamic boarding school already made a major contribution in strengthening religious values. This also contributes to building character and planting the seeds of moral standing in students. However, with 8 hours a day dedicated to standard education, there will certainly be less time for the Islamic education (Madrasah) model. Nevertheless, the existence of Islamic education is still necessary and required by communities.

In answer to this point, the Director General of Primary and Secondary Education of Kemendikbud, Hamid Muhammad stated that application of the policy for schools to be open five days a week would follow two alternate paths. First, students undertake learning activity using school facilities for a full day, from morning to evening. Second, students study at school until afternoon, after which they continue to other educational institutions, such as Islamic primary education, Islamic boarding school, art studio, sport stadium, museum, or other study places they chose themselves.

Meanwhile, the Head of Legal Bureau and Organization of Kemendikbud, Dian Wahyuni stated that the Ministerial Regulation in regard to the policy of schools opening five days was targeted to be completed this week. He continued that the policy would be started for academic year 2017/2018.

 

Hasil SBMPTN Diumumkan Besok

Koran Sindo, halaman 2

Seleksi bersama pendaftaran kampus negeri memasuki babak akhir. Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidika Tinggi (Kemenristekdikti) pun besok akan mengumumkan 128.085 siswa yang diterima pada Seleksi Bersama Masuk Perguruan Tinggi Negeri (SBMPTN).

Menristekdikti Mohammad Nasir mengatakan, pasti akan banyak siswa yang tidak diterima lewat seleksi jalur tulis nasional ini sebab daya kapasitas perguruan tinggi negeri yang terbatas tidak bias menampung semua lulusan sekolah mengah. Dia berharap para siswa yang tidak liolos masih memiliki semangat juang unutk melamar di PTN ataupun PTS.

Tahun ini jumlah pendaftar SBMPTN 2017 mencapai 797.738 orang. Mereka terdiri atas 639.581 pendaftar jalur reguler dan 158.157 pendaftar jalur beasiswa Bidik Misi. Sementara total kampus yang terdaftar di SBMPTN sebanyak 85 PTN yang akan diperebutkan 128.085 calon mahasiswa. Terlihat dari data, pendaftar untuk jalur sosial humaniora masih lebih banyak daripada sains teknologi. Sosial dan humaniora (soshum) mencapai 260.943 orang serta sains dan teknologi (sainstek) 256.689.

Nasir menjelaskan, jalur mandiri yang kuota tampungnya diterapkan 30% bisa menjadi alternative terakhir bagi peserta tidak lolos SBMPTN. Nasir pun menampik bahwa uang kuliah di jalur mandiri akan lebih mahal dibandingkan jalur Selesi Nasional Masuk Perguruan Tinggi Negeri (SNMPTN) ataupun SBMPTN. SPP mahasiswa dari tiga jalur ini akan sama mengikuti kebijakan uang kuliah tunggal (UKT).

SBMPTN Results to be Announced Tomorrow

Koran Sindo, page 2

The State University Joint Entrance Selection (SBMPTN) enters the final stage. Ministry of Research Technology and Higher Education (Kemenristekdikti) will announce tomorrow the 128,085 students accepted in the SBMPTN.

Menristekdikti, Mohammad Nasir said that there will certainly be many students who are not accepted through this national written exam selection because of the limited capacity of state universities which cannot accommodate all the high school graduates. He hopes that the students who are not selected would still have the fighting spirit to apply in other state universities (PTN) or private universities (PTS).

This year the number of SBMPTN 2017 applicants reached 797,738 people. They consist of 639,581 registrants of the regular path and 158,157 registrants of the Bidik Misi scholarship path. While the total campuses registered in SBMPTN are 85 PTNs which will be contested by 128,085 prospective students. Based on data, registrants for the social humanities path are still greater than that for science technology. Social and humanities (soshum) reached 260,943 people whereas science technology (sainstek) reached 256,689.

Nasir explained that the independent path with capacity quota set for 30% can be the last alternative for participants who do not pass the SBMPTN. Nasir also denied that the tuition in the independent path will be more expensive than the State University Entrance National Selection (SNMPTN) or SBMPTN. Student fees from these three channels will all be the same in compliance to the single tuition policy (UKT).

Kemendikbud Kukuh Lima Hari

Media Indonesia, halaman 11

Meski menuai kritik dari banyak kalangan terutama dari Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) dan Pengurus Besar Nahdlatul Ulama (PBNU), pihak Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (Kemendikbud) ditengarai akan tetap berkukuh menjalankan rencana sekolah lima hari dalam sepekan. Kekhawatiran madrasah akan gulung tikar dengan rencana itu dinilai tidak akan terjadi.

Dirjen Pendidikan Dasar Menengah (Dikdasmen) Kemendikdud, Hamid Muhammad, menanggapi rencana penerapan sekolah lima hari tahun ajaran baru 2017/2018 yang tengah dimatangkan menjadi peraturan menteri. Menurutnya, penerapan sekolah lima hari dilaksanakan dengan dua cara. Pertama, siswa belajar di satu sekolah penuh mulai pagi hingga sore hari dengan menggunakan fasilitas belajar sekolah yang bersangkutan.

Kedua, siswa belajar di sekolah hingga siang hari, setelah itu dilanjutkan di sekolah atau lembaga lain seperti madrasah diniah, pesantren, sanggar seni, sanggar olahraga, museum, dan tempat belajar lain yang dipilih siswa. Hamid menegaskan bahwa yang menyatakan madrasah akan gulung tikar tampaknya tidak akan terjadi, justru akan memperkuat keberadaannya.

Sebelumnya, Mendikbud Muhadjir Effendy menyatakan kebijakan itu telah sesuai dengan standar kerja aparatur sipil negara (ASN). Dalam lima hari kerja tersebut, waktu pembelajaran minimum menjadi 8 jam sehingga dalam sepekan para guru akan mengajar selama 40 jam.

Kemendikbud Confirms Five Days

Media Indonesia, page 11

Despite criticism from many circles, especially from the Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) and the Executive Board of Nahdlatul Ulama (PBNU), the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud) is suspected to stick to the five-day school plans. The concerns of the madrasah/Islamic schools will close down with that plan are considered not to happen.

Director General of Primary and Secondary Education (Dikdasmen) of Kemendikdud, Hamid Muhammad, responded to the plan of applying the five-day school in the 2017/2018 school year which is being finalized into ministerial regulations. According to him, the implementation of five-day school is organized in two ways. First, students study in one school entirely from morning to afternoon using the school’s learning facilities.

Second, students study in their schools until noon; afterwards they proceed to schools or other institutions such as madrasah diniah, pesantren, arts studio, sports studio, museums, and other learning places selected by students. Hamid insisted that the one stating that madrasahs would be out of business would not likely happen, instead it would strengthen its existence.

Previously, the Minister of Education and Culture Muhadjir Effendy stated that the policy was in accordance with the working standards of state civil apparatus (ASN). In the five work days, the minimum learning time becomes 8 hours so that in a week the teachers will teach for 40 hours.