Reformasi Besar Diharapkan di Dua Kementerian Pendidikan

The Jakarta Post, halaman 7

Sebuah perubahan besar organisasi akan terjadi setelah keputusan Presiden Joko “Jokowi” Widodo membagi kementerian pendidikan menjadi dua, dengan satu menangani pendidikan dasar dan yang lain membawahi pendidikan tinggi dan riset, para pakar mengatakan.

Jokowi telah memutuskan mendirikan dua kementerian – Kementerian Kebudayaan dan Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah serta Kementerian Riset dan Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi – guna merealisir visinya pada sektor riset dan pendidikan. Jokowi telah menunjuk rektor yang berbasis di Jakarta Universitas Paramadina, Anies Baswedan, untuk memimpin yang pertama dan dosen ekonomi pada Universitas Diponegoro berbasis di Semarang profesor M. Nasir untuk memimpin yang kedua.

Ketua Forum Rektor Indonesia (FRI) Ravik Karsidi mengatakan tantangan pertama bagi Nasir adalah membentuk struktur organisasi yang ramping pada kementeriannya. Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi mengawasi lebih dari 100 universitas negeri dan lebih dari 3.000 universitas swasta, sedangkan kementerian riset dan teknologi memiliki beberapa deputi yang tanpa beban kerja besar.

Ravik mengatakan, menteri baru riset dan teknologi dan pendidikan tinggi harus memastikan para pejabat tingginya akan rela melepaskan posisi mereka.

Sekretaris Jenderal Federasi Serikat Guru Indonesia (FSGI) Retno Listyarti menyatakan keprihatinan yang sama, terutama bagi Kementerian Kebudayaan dan Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah. Retno mengatakan bahwa dengan kurangnya pengalaman Anies dalam persoalan-persoalan pendidikan dasar, ia harus merakit tim kuat yang dapat mendukungnya.

Retno menambahkan, meski Anies telah berhasil mendirikan Indonesia Mengajar, Anies adalah seorang rektor universitas yang memiliki pengalaman terbatas dalam mengelola pendidikan dasar dan menengah.   Jadi, Anies perlu memastikan bahwa ia memiliki pembantu menteri yang dapat memberinya data yang relevan dan pengalaman lapangan yang kaya.

Awal pekan ini, Anies mengatakan ia akan menjalankan perubahan pada kurikulum 2013 untuk memastikan bahwa dapat membantu siswa mengatasi tantangan saat ini. Anies juga mengatakan kementerian akan lebih memperhatikan guru.

Major Reform Expected at Two Education Ministries

The Jakarta Post, page 7

A major organizational overhaul is in order following President Joko “Jokowi” Widodo’s decision to divide the education ministry into two, with one handling basic education and the other overseeing higher education and research, experts have said.

Jokowi has decided to establish two ministries – the Culture and Elementary and Secondary Education Ministry and the Research and Technology and Higher Education Ministry – to realize his vision on the research and education sectors. Jokowi has appointed the rector of Jakarta-based Paramadina University, Anies Baswedan, to lead the former and Semarang-based Diponegoro University economics professor M. Nasir to be in charge of the latter.

Indonesian Rectors’ Forum (FRI) chairman Ravik Karsidi said the first challenge for Nasir would be to come up with a lean organizational structure for his ministry. The Directorate General of Higher Education oversees more than 100 state universities and more than 3,000 private universities, while the research and technology ministry has several deputies who are without big workloads.

Ravik said, the new research and technology and higher education minister must ensure that his high-ranking officials would be willing to lose their positions.

Federation for Indonesian Teachers Association (FSGI) secretary-general Retno Listyarti expressed similar concerns, especially for the Culture and Elementary and Secondary Education Ministry. Retno said that given Anies’ lack of experience in basic education issues, he should assemble a strong team that could support him.

Retno added, although Anies successfully founded Indonesia Mengajar, Anies was a university rector who has limited experience in managing basic and and secondary education. So, Anies needs to make sure that he has aides who can provide him with relevant data and rich field experience.

Earlier this week, Anies said he would run an evolution on the 2013 curriculum to ensure that it could help students cope with current challenges. Anies also said that the ministry would pay more attention to teachers.

Major Reform Expected at Two Education Ministries

Kemendikbud Banyak PR

Republika, halaman 5

Ekspektasi publik yang tinggi pada Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (Kemendikbud) era Anies Baswedan ternyata sangat tinggi. Anies mengaku mendapat 3.200 pesan singkat di telepon genggamnya.

Peneliti Bidang Monitoring Pelayanan Publik Indonesia Corruption Watch (ICW), Siti Juliantari, mengatakan bahwa ekspektasi tinggi tersebut menunjukkan lembaga itu masih banyak PR di bidang pendidikan seperti menghapuskan ujian nasional (UN) serta memberantas korupsi di bidang pendidikan.

Juliantari berpendapat, kebijakan UN tidak sesuai dengan prinsip keadilan dan rawan kecurangan. Selain itu, korupsi pendidikan dari tahun 2003 sampai 2013 tercatat ada 296 kasus, namun yang sudah ditindak kurang banyak.

Juliantari menambahkan, PR Kemendikbud lainnya adalah menghapus Kurikulum 2013, disamping harus memperbaiki mutu pendidikan dan meningkatkan akses pendidikan.

Mendikbud Anies Baswedan mengatakan, ekspektasi publik terhadap pelayanan dasar, termasuk pendidikan sangat tinggi. Ia akan menampung semua harapan publik seperti permintaan untuk mengubah atau meninjau kembali Kurikulum 2013, dan akan membicarakannya dengan jajaran dirjen di Kemendikbud.

Kemendikbud Has Much Homework

Republika, page 5

There are very high public expectations on the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud) of the Anies Baswedan era. Anies claims to have obtained 3,200 text messages on his cellular phone.

Researcher of Public Service Monitoring Division of Indonesia Corruption Watch (ICW), Siti Juliantari said such high expectations show the institution still has lots of homework to do in the field of education, such as abolishing the national exams (UN) as well as eradicating corruption in education.

Juliantari is of the opinion that the UN policy is not in accordance with the principles of justice and is prone to fraud. In addition, education corruption since 2003 to 2013 totaled 296 cases; however, those that have been dealt with are too few.

Juliantari added, other Kemendikbud homework is to remove Curriculum 2013 in addition to improving education quality and increasing access to education.

Minister of Culture and Elementary and Secondary Education Anies Baswedan said public expectation towards basic services, including education is very high. He will accommodate all public expectations such as the demand to change or review Curriculum 2013, and will discuss with the ranks of director generals in the ministry.

Kemendikbud Has Much HW

Kadisdik: Kurikulum 2013 Perlu Direformasi

Republika, halaman 5

Kepala Dinas Pendidikan (Kadisdik) DKI Jakarta Lasro Marbun menyatakan bahwa Kurikulum 2013 perlu direformasi menjadi lebih sederhana dengan kualitas lebih baik.

Marbun menilai muatan dalam Kurikulum 2013 terlalu rumit sehingga perlu dipersempit, dan masih banyak guru yang tidak memahaminya. Selain itu, pengadaan buku terkait juga macet, dan banyak sekolah yang tidak mendapatkan buku panduan untuk melaksanakan kebijakan baru itu.

Marbun menambahkan, Dua bulan ke depan Kurikulum 2013 akan dievaluasi agar dapat menjadi masukan untuk Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (Kemendikbud). Seharusnya Kurikulum 2013 tidak berbelit-belit, tetapi sederhana dan berkualitas.

Sementara itu, pengamat pendidikan Suryadi mengatakan, permasalahan pelaksanaan Kurikulum 2013 harus segera diatasi dengan melakukan uji lapangan secara jujur dan transparan, tidak cukup hanya uji publik.

Kekurangan yang ditemukan dalam pelaksanaan Kurikulum 2013 dapat menjadi bahan masukan bagi Kemendikbud untuk merevisi beberapa kebijakan sesuai kebutuhan. Kemendikbud pun harus memberlakukan kebijakan itu secara sistematis dan terarah.

Kadisdik: Curriculum 2013 Needs to be Reformed

Republika, page 5

DKI Jakarta Education Agency Head (Kadisdik) Lasro Marbun stated that Curriculum 2013 needs to be reformed to be simpler with better quality.

Marbun assesses the substance of Curriculum 2013 is too complex so it needs to be narrowed, and there are still many teachers who do not understand it.   In addition, procurement of related books is also jammed, and many schools do not obtain guide books to implement the new policy.

Marbun added, in two months ahead Curriculum 2013 will be evaluated in order to serve as input for the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud). Curriculum 2013 should not be complicated, but simple and of good quality.

Meanwhile, education observer Suryadi said the problem of Curriculum 2013 implementation should be immediately addressed by conducting honest and transparent field testing; not enough by just public testing.

Deficiencies found in the implementation of Curriculum 2013 could be input for Kemendikbud to revise several policies as needed. Kemendikbud must also enforce the policy systematically and focused.

Kadisdik: Curriculum 2013 Needs to be Reformed

Sekolah Rekrut Guru Honorer dan Magang

Kompas, halaman 11

Keberadaan guru honorer di sekolah dasar negeri dan swasta di Sumba Timur, Nusa Tenggara Timur, tak terelakkan. Para guru honorer yang diangkat komite sekolah dihaji sekitar Rp. 250.000 per bulan. Padahal, guru honorer juga berperan sebagai guru kelas.

Di SDN Bidi Praing, Kecamatan Kambera, Sumba Timur, guru berstatus pegawai negeri sipil (PNS) ada empat orang, termasuk kepala sekolah. Hanya ada dua guru kelas dan satu guru agama. Sekolah lalu mengangkat guru honorer komite yang telah lama bekerja sebagai guru magang saat kuliah di Universitas Terbuka (UT).

Herlince, guru honorer di SDN Bidi Praing mengatakan, gaji yang diterimanya berasal dari dana bantuan operasional sekolah (BOS) yang dibayar tiga bulan sekali. Padahal, untuk menuju sekolah saja, dia menghabiskan Rp. 20.000 per hari untuk biaya ojek karena tidak ada angkutan umum. Herlince mengaku mengajar untuk menimba pengalaman.

Kekurangan guru juga diisi oleh guru magang. Siswa lulusan SMA yang hendak jadi guru melamar ke sekolah untuk magang dan mendapatkan surat keterangan pengalaman mengajar.

Mujaman, Kepala Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Swasta Maujawa, Waingapu mengatakan, sekolah swasta di Sumba Timur umumnya mendapat bantuan guru PNS dari pemerintah. Namun, jumlah guru PNS sering tidak mencukupi.

Sulistiyo, Ketua Umum Pengurus Besar Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia mengatakan, hampir semua SD di Indonesia kekurangan guru sehingga merekrut guru honorer. Pihaknya mendorong supaya persoalan guru honorer mendapat perhatian khusus dari pemerintah baru. Harus ada kejelasan soal jenjang karier. Pemerintah harus mengeluarkan kebijakan upah minimum yang layak untuk guru honorer.

Schools Recruit Honorary Teachers and Interns

Kompas, page 11

The presence of honorary teachers in state and private primary schools in East Sumba, East Nusa Tenggara is inevitable.   Honorary teachers appointed by the school committee are paid around Rp. 250,000 per month.   Actually, honorary teachers also play the role as class teacher.

In state primary school SDN Bidi Praing, Kecamatan Kambera, East Sumba, there are four teachers, including the principal, whose status is civil servant (PNS). There are only two class teachers and one religion teacher.   The school then recruited committee honorary teachers who have long worked as intern teachers when they were studying at Open University (UT).

Herlince, honorary teacher at state primary school SDN Bidi Praing said the salary she received came from school operational assistance (BOS) funds paid every three months. Actually to get to school alone, she spends Rp. 20,000 per day for motorcycle taxi cost because there is no public transportation. Herlince claims she teaches to gain experience.

The lack of teachers is also filled by intern teachers. High school graduates who wish to become teachers apply to schools for internship and obtain a letter of teaching experience.

Mujaman, Principal of private primary school Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Maujawa, Waingapu said private schools in East Sumba in general obtain the assistance of civil servant (PNS) teachers from the government.     However, the number of PNS teachers is oftentimes insufficient.

Sulistiyo, Chairman of the Board of Indonesian Teachers Association said almost all primary schools (SD) in Indonesia lack teachers so they recruit honorary teachers. He pushed so the problem of honorary teachers obtains special attention from the new government.   There should be clarity on the career path.   The government should issue a decent minimum wage policy for honorary teachers.

Schools Recruit Honorary Teachers and Interns

KIP Berisiko Salah Sasaran

Kompas, halaman 11

Rencana pemerintah memberikan Kartu Indonesia Pintar (KIP) kepada masyarakat miskin pada tahun depan berisiko salah sasaran jika data anak usia sekolah yang berhak menerima tidak valid. Pemerintah diminta transparan terkait pengumpulan data penerima. Data penerima KIP dikumpulkan oleh tim nasional percepatan penanggulangan kemiskinan (TNP2K). Untuk menjamin data yang digunakan valid, pemerintah diminta transparan memaparkan data penerima.

Febri Hendri dari Divisi Pelayanan Publik Indonesia Corruption Watch (ICW) mengingatkan tentang kasus ketidaktepatan sasaran, data fiktif, yang terjadi dalam program Kartu Jakarta Pintar (KJP) di DKI Jakarta. Dalam analisis ICW, 19,4 persen KJP tidak tepat sasaran.

Siti Juliantari Rachman dari ICW menambahkan. Sebenarnya KIP bertujuan baik. Hanya, harus ada perubahan cara pandang para pembuat kebijakan. Masyarakat tidak bisa dilihat lagi sebagai obyek sebuah kebijakan atau program pemerintah. Siti mengharapkan pemerintah melibatkan masyarakat untuk mendata, membantu distribusi, bahkan mengawasi pemanfaatan KIP.

Untuk daerah pedalaman semisal Papua, program KIP dinilai akan sulit berjalan maksimal. Dinas Pendidikan Dasar dan Kebudayaan Papua Alo Jopen mengatakan, ada sejumlah tantang dalam penerapan KIP, antara lain adalah belum adanya pendataan menyeluruh jumlah murid miskin di daerah tersebut. Distribusi kartu pun tidak mudah. Distribusi buku Kurikulum 2013 saja misalnya, baru mencapai 4 dari 29 kabupaten.

Pengamat pendidikan di Papua, John Rahail mengatakan, KIP harus disesuaikan dengan kondisi Papua. Sebanyak 70 persen masyarakatnya ada di daerah pinggirian dan pedalaman.

KIP Runs the Risk of Mis-targeting

Kompas, page 11

The government plan to provide Smart Indonesia Cards (KIP) to the poor next year runs the risk of missing the target if data of school-age children entitled to receive is not valid.   The government is asked to be transparent in regards gathering of recipient data.   Data of KIP recipients is gathered by the national team for acceleration of poverty alleviation (TNP2K). To ensure the data used is valid, the government is asked to be transparent in presenting data of recipients.

Febri Hendri of the Indonesia Corruption Watch (ICW) Public Service Division reminded of cases of mis-targeting, fictitious data that occurred in the Smart Jakarta Card (KJP) program in DKI Jakarta. In ICW’s analysis, 19.4 percent of KJP was mis-targeted.

Siti Juliantari Rachman of ICW added, actually KIP aims well. Only there needs to be a change in perspective/paradigm of policymakers. Society can no longer be seen as an object of a government policy or program.   Siti expects the government to involve the public to gather data, help in distribution, even monitoring KIP utilization.

For remote areas such as Papua, the KIP program is deemed to be difficult to run well. Papua Basic Education and Culture Agency Aloe Jopen said there are a number of challenges in the application of KIP, such as the lack of comprehensive data of the number of poor/ under-priviledged students in the region.   Card distribution is not easy. Curriculum 2013 book distribution alone, for example only reached 4 out of 29 regencies.

KIP Runs the Risk of Mis-targeting